Summative assessment is conducted at the end of a learning period—such as a unit, term, or academic year—to evaluate students’ overall understanding, knowledge, and skills. It measures achievement against curriculum standards and supports the determination of grades, reporting of academic progress, and decisions on promotion or certification. Summative assessments may include tests, exams, projects, presentations, or other culminating tasks that reflect students’ learning outcomes.
This system ensures a balanced evaluation by valuing both consistent academic performance throughout the year and performance in final examinations, while also recognizing daily effort, assignments, and project-based learning.